Moab
(îهàل
"Seed of
father/leader", The Modern
Hebrew language is a Semitic language of the Afro-Asiatic language family.
What makes it unique is that the original Bible, the Torah, by Orthodox Jews
held to be recorded in the time of Moses 3,300 years ago, was written in
Biblical Classical Hebrew. Jews have always called it the ىùهï
ن÷همù Lashon haKodesh ("The Holy Tongue") as many of them believe that it was
chosen to convey God's message to humanity. After the first Destruction of
Jerusalem by the Babylonians in 586 BC, Hebrew was replaced in daily use by
Aramaic and became primarily a religious and literary language, used in prayer
and study of the Mishnah (part of the Talmud).
Moav, Tiberian
Hebrew is an oral tradition of pronunciation for ancient forms of Hebrew,
especially the Hebrew of the Bible, that was given written form by masoretic
scholars in the Jewish community at Tiberias in the early middle ages, beginning
in the 8th century. This written form employed symbols added to the Hebrew
letters; the symbols are called niqqudot (for vowels) and cantillation signs.
Though the written symbols came into use in the early Middle Ages, the oral
tradition they reflect is apparently much older, with ancient roots.
Môa) is the
historical name for a mountainous strip of land in
The
Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, commonly
called Jordan, is a country in the
Middle East. It is bordered by Syria to the north, Iraq to the north-east, Saudi
Arabia to the east and south, and Israel and West Bank to the west. It shares
the coastlines of the Gulf of Aqaba and the Dead Sea.
المملكة
الأردنّيّة
الهاشميّة
running along the eastern shore of the Dead Sea
The
Dead Sea (Hebrew éي
نîىç,
Arabic البحر
الميت)
is an endorheic lake of saline water (area: ca. 1050 km² or 401 sq mi), fed by
the Jordan River, surrounded by Jordan, Israel and the West Bank. The Dead Sea
is the saltiest and deepest hypersaline lake in the world. The surface of the
Dead Sea is the lowest point on the Earth's surface at an elevation of 417 m
below sea level (2003 figure).
. In ancient times, it was home to the kingdom of the Moabites,
a people that was often in conflict with its Israelite neighbors to the west.
Nevertheless, there was considerable interchange between the two peoples, and
the The Bible (From Greek —biblia,
meaning "books", which in turn is derived from —byblos
meaning "papyrus", from the ancient Phoenician city of Byblos which
exported papyrus) is the sacred scripture of Christianity. The Old Testament, or
Hebrew Bible (so called because it is written
in the Book of Ruth. The name Ruth can refer to:
·
The Book
of Ruth, one of the books of the Hebrew Bible.
·
Babe
Ruth, nickname of the famed baseball player George Herman Ruth
·
Ruth a
novel by Elizabeth Gaskell
·
A name
meaning friend or compassion.*
Citizen Ruth is a 1996 motion picture about the abortion issue in US.
traces King David
This page is
about the Biblical king David. For other uses see: David (disambiguation)
David
(مهم
"Beloved",
Standard Hebrew Dávid, Tiberian
Hebrew Dawi?; Arabic داود
Da?ud
"Beloved") was one of the most well known kings of ancient Israel, as
well as the most-mentioned man in the Bible. He was the eighth and youngest son
of Jesse, a citizen of Bethlehem. His father seems to have been a man in humble
life. His mother's name is not recorded. Some think she was the Nahash of 2
Samuel 17:25. As to his personal appearance, he is described as rosy-faced, with
beautiful eyes and a fair face (1 Samuel 16:12; 17:42).
lineage to a Moabite woman.
The Moabites were a historical people. Their existence is attested to by numerous archeological findings, most notably the Mesha Stele.
The
Mesha Stele (popularized in the 19th
century as the "Moabite Stone")
is a black basalt stone, bearing an inscription by the 9th century BC Moabite
King Mesha, discovered in 1868. The stone is 124 cm high and 71 cm wide and
deep, and rounded at the top. The inscription of 34 lines, the most extensive
inscription ever recovered from ancient Palestine, was written in
Hebrew-Phoenician characters. It was set up by Mesha, about 850 BCE, as a record
and memorial of his victories in his revolt against Israel, which he undertook
after the death of his overlord, Ahab, recounting:
which describes the Moabite victory over Omri (Omriyah,
Hebrew: "Yahweh is my life") was king of Israel and father of Ahab.
Albright has dated his reign to 876 - 869 BC, while Thiele offers the dates 885
- 874 BC. He was "commander of the army" for Elah when Zimri slew Elah
and made himself king. The troops at Gibbethon chose instead to elect Omri as
king, and he led them to Tirzah where they trapped Zimri in the royal palace,
and where Zimri died (1 Kings 16:15-19).
king of Israel (see The Second Kings)
The
Books of Kings (Sefer Melachim in Hebrew) are two books of the Jewish Tanakh,
and included by Christians in their Bible (the Old Testament). They contain
accounts of the kings of ancient Israel and Judah.
The
two books of Kings comprise the fourth book in the second canonical division of
Hebrew Scriptures: in the threefold division of the Tanach, these books are
ranked among the Prophets. The present division into two books was first made by
the Septuagint, which numbers them as the third and fourth books of
"Kingdoms", the two books of Samuel being considered the first and
second books of Kingdoms; this numbering was also followed in the Vulgate with
1-4 Kings, but most modern Christian Bibles have two books of Samuel and two of
Kings.
3).
The
conflict between the Israelites and the Moabites is expressed in the biblical
narrative describing the Moabites' incestuous origins. According to the story,
Moab was the son of Abraham
(àلّني
"Father/Leader
of many", Standard Hebrew Avraham,
Tiberian Hebrew ?A?raham; Arabic ابراهيم
Ibrahim)
is the patriarch of Judaism, Islam, and Christianity. His story is told in the
Book of Genesis.
Islam
also regards him as the ancestor of the Bedouins, through Ishmael. Judaism,
Christianity and Islam are sometimes referred to as the "Abrahamic
religions" in reference to their supposed common descent from Abraham.
nephew In the Bible, Lot (ىهè
"Hidden,
covered", Standard Hebrew Lot,
Tiberian Hebrew Lô?; Qur’anic
Arabic لوط
Lu?)
was the nephew of the patriarch, Abraham or Abram. He was the son of Abraham's
brother Haran. According to Jewish midrash, Abraham took care of Lot after Haran
was burned in a gigantic fire in which Nimrod, King of Babylon, tried to kill
Abraham.
, through his eldest daughter, with whom he had a child after the
destruction of Sodom.
This
article is about the biblical town of Sodom.
See also Sodom, Shetland for the place on Whalsay and Sodom (video game
character) for the video game character.
Sodom
(ٌمهي,
Standard Hebrew Sodom, Tiberian
Hebrew Sodôm) was the chief town of
a group of five towns on the plain of the Jordan River in an area that
constituted the southern limit of the lands of the Canaanites (Genesis 10:19).
Lot, a nephew of Abram (Abraham) chose to live in the city. According to the
Bible, both Sodom and
. The Bible then explains the etymology of Moab as meaning "of his father".
The
following is a summary of the Biblical account, and may not correspond to actual
historical events.
The Moabites first inhabited the rich highlands at the eastern side of the chasm of the Dead Sea, extending as far north as the mountain of Gilead, from which country they expelled the Emims, the original inhabitants, Deuteronomy.
Deuteronomy
is the fifth book of the Hebrew Bible, also the fifth book of the Christian Old
Testament. Its Hebrew name is Devarim ملّéي
("words"),
which comes from the opening phrase "Eleh ha-devarim" ("These are
the words...").
Origin
of name
The
English name, "Deuteronomy", comes from the name which the book bears
in the Septuagint
. 2:11) but they themselves were afterward driven southward by the
warlike Amorites, who had crossed the River Jordon. This
article is about the Jordan River is western Asia. For other meanings, see
Jordan River (disambiguation)
The
Jordan River is a river in western
Asia flowing through the Jordan Rift Valley into the Dead Sea. It arises from
springs at the base of Mount Hermon. One spring forms the stream Nahal Senir,
the second (Banaias at Caesarea Philippi forms the stream Naahal Hermon,
and were confined to the country south of the river Arnon, which
formed their northern boundary. Book of Numbers.
The
Book of Numbers is the fourth of the
books of the Pentateuch, called in the Hebrew ba-midbar لîملّ,
i.e., "in the wilderness." In the Septuagint version it is called Arithmoi
("Numbers"), and this name is now the usual title of the book. It is
so called because it contains a record of the numbering of the people in the
wilderness of Sinai (1-4), and of their numbering afterwards on the plain of
Moab (26).
21:13; Judges.
Judges
is a book of the Bible; it appears in the Hebrew Bible and in the Christian Old
Testament. Its title refers to its contents; it contains the history of judges
who helped rule and guide the Israelites.
Meaning
of the title
The
book derives its name from the fact that it deals with the "Judges," a
term which, according to its use in the book, designates those who dealt out
justice to the oppressed people; it is used in the sense of a
"rescuer". The word, however, means more than this: it means the
leaders who took charge of the affairs of the tribes in case of war, and who
assumed leadership of their respective tribes in the succeeding times of peace.
In accordance with the needs of the time, their functions were primarily
judicial.
11:18)
The
territory occupied by Moab at the period of its greatest extent, before the
invasion of the Amorites, divided itself naturally into three distinct and
independent portions:
· The enclosed corner or canton south of the Arnon was the "field of Moab." Ruth
The Book of
Ruth is a book in the Hebrew Bible known to Jews as the Tanakh, it is known
to Christians as the Old Testament.
The story
Ruth
(ّهْ
"Compassion",
Standard Hebrew Rut, Tiberian Hebrew Rû?)
is a Moabite woman whose father-in-law, Elimelech, had settled in the land of
Moab. Elimelech died there, and his two sons married, Mahlon taking Ruth as his
wife, and Chilion taking Orpah, both women of Moab; both sons likewise died.
1:1,2,6) etc.
·
The more
open rolling country north of the Arnon, opposite Jericho, and up to the hills
of Gilead, was the "land of Moab." (Deuteronomy 1:5; 32:49) etc.
·
The sunk
district in the tropical depths of the Jordan valley. (Numbers 22:1) etc.
The Israelites, in entering the promised land, did not pass through the Moabites, (Judges 11:18) but conquered the Amorites.
Amorite
(Hebrew ’emorî, Egyptian Amar, Akkadian Amurru
(corresponding to Sumerian MAR.TU or Martu)
refers to a Semitic people who occupied the middle Euphrates area from the
second half of the third millennium BC and also appear in the Tanakh.
The
People
From
inscriptions and tablets
In
early Babylonian inscriptions all western lands including Syria and Palestine,
were known as "the land of the Amorites",
who twice conquered Babylonia (at the end of the 3rd and the beginning of the
1st millennium.) They are represented on the Egyptian monuments with fair skins,
light hair, blue eyes, aquiline noses, and pointed beards.
who occupied the country from which the Moabites had been so
lately expelled. After the conquest of Cannan.
This
article is about the land called Canaan. For other meanings see Canaan
(disambiguation).
Canaan
or Kná'an (ëًٍï,
Standard Hebrew Kanáan, Tiberian
Hebrew Kanáan / Kanaan;
Septuagint Greek , Khanaan) is an ancient term for a region roughly corresponding to
present-day Israel (including the West Bank), western Jordan, southern Syria and
southern Lebanon. The Canaanite town Ugarit was rediscovered in 1928 and much of
our modern knowledge about the Canaanites stems from excavation in this area.
the relations of Moab with Israel were of a mixed character,
sometimes warlike and sometimes peaceable. With the tribe of Benjamin they had
at least one severe struggle, in union with their kindred the Ammonites. (Judges
3:12-30)
The
story of Ruth, on the other hand, testifies to the existence of a friendly
intercourse between Moab and Bethlehem. This article is about the city in the West
Bank. For other articles subjects named Bethlehem, see Bethlehem
(disambiguation).
Bethlehem
(Arabic بيت
لحم
Bayt Lam
"house of meat"; لéْ
ىçي "house
of bread", Standard Hebrew Bet lé?em
/ Bet lá?em, Tiberian Hebrew Bê
tléem /
Bêt lahem) is a Palestinian city in the West Bank. Under the Oslo
accords, Israel handed over Bethlehem to the Palestinian Authority in 1995.
one of the towns of Judah. The Tribe
of Judah (éنهمن
"Praise", Tiberian Hebrew Yehûdhah,
Standard Hebrew Yehuda) is one of the
Hebrew tribes, founded by Judah son of Jacob.
Together
with the Tribe of Benjamin, Judah formed the Southern Kingdom, also known
confusingly as the Kingdom of Judah, when the kingdom was divided. These two
tribes were thus not carried into captivity with the ten tribes of the Northern
Kingdom, also known confusingly as the Kingdom of Israel, when it fell. This
started the tradition (some say myth) of the ten Lost tribes of Israel.
By his descent from Ruth, David.
This page is
about the Biblical king David. For other uses see: David (disambiguation)
David
(مهم
"Beloved",
Standard Hebrew Dávid, Tiberian
Hebrew Dawi?; Arabic داود
Daud
"Beloved") was one of the most well known kings of ancient Israel, as
well as the most-mentioned man in the Bible. He was the eighth and youngest son
of Jesse, a citizen of Bethlehem. His father seems to have been a man in humble
life. His mother's name is not recorded. Some think she was the Nahash of 2
Samuel 17:25. As to his personal appearance, he is described as rosy-faced, with
beautiful eyes and a fair face (1 Samuel 16:12; 17:42).
may be said to have had Moabite blood in his veins. He committed
his parents to the protection of the king of Moab, when hard pressed by Saul. (1
Samuel 22:3,4) But here all friendly relations stop forever. The next time the
name is mentioned is in the account of David's war, who made the Moabites
tributary 2 Samu El
The
Books of Samuel are two books in the
Hebrew Bible (Tanakh) and the Old Testament.
The
Greek Septuagint translators regarded the books of Samuel and the Kings as
forming one continuous history, which they divided into four books, which they
called "The Books of the Kingdoms." The Latin Vulgate version followed
this division, but styled them "The Books of the Kings." These books
of Samuel they accordingly called the "First" and "Second"
Books of Kings, and not, as in most modern Christian versions, the
"First" and "Second" Books of Samuel.
. 8:2; 1 Chronicles
The
Book of Chronicles is a book in the
Hebrew Bible (also see Old Testament). It was originally written as one book,
but at some time the book came to be divided into two, probably in accordance
with more managable scroll sizes, and thus in Christian bibles it is usually
published in two parts, I Chronicles
and II Chronicles.
In
Hebrew the title of this book is Divre
Hayyamim, i.e., "History of the Days." Jerome, in his Latin
translation of the Bible (Vulgate), titled this book Chronicon; in English this word translates as
"Chronicles."
18:2). At the disruption of the kingdom, Moab seems to have
absorbed into the northern realm.
At
the death of Ahab
or Acha'av (àçàل
"Brother of father", Standard Hebrew
A?a?av, Tiberian Hebrew ?A?a?a?)
was King of Israel, and the son and successor of Omri (1 Kings 16:29-34).
Albright has dated his reign to 869 - 850 BC, while Thiele offers the dates 874
- 853 BC.
He
married Jezebel, the daughter of king Ithobaal I of Tyre, and the alliance was
doubtless the means of procuring him great riches, which brought pomp and luxury
in their train. We read of his building an ivory palace (1 Kings 22:39; Amos
3:15), and founding new cities, the effect perhaps of a share in the flourishing
commerce of Phoenicia, who supplied the ivory for his palace.
. the Moabites refused to pay tribute and asserted their
independence, making war upon the kingdom of Judah. (2
Chronicles
The
Book of Chronicles is a book in the
Hebrew Bible (also see Old Testament). It was originally written as one book,
but at some time the book came to be divided into two, probably in accordance
with more managable scroll sizes, and thus in Christian bibles it is usually
published in two parts, I Chronicles
and II Chronicles.
In
Hebrew the title of this book is Divre
Hayyamim, i.e., "History of the Days." Jerome, in his Latin
translation of the Bible (Vulgate), titled this book Chronicon; in English this word translates as
"Chronicles."
. 22:1)
As
a consequence of these events, <Israel>
This article
discusses the State of Israel. For other meanings of Israel, see Israel (disambiguation).
The
State of Israel (Medinat
Yisrael in Hebrew, Daulat Israil
in Arabic) is a country in the Middle East on the eastern edge of the
Mediterranean Sea. It is a parliamentary democracy and by national policy, a
"Jewish State." The Israeli population is predominantly Jewish with a
large non-Jewish minority, mostly comprised of Muslim and Christian Arabs.
Israel borders (clockwise from north to south) the states of Lebanon, Syria,
Jordan, and Egypt. Israel shares the coastlines of the Mediterranean, the Gulf
of Eilat / Aqaba, and the Dead Sea.
Judah: The Kingdom of Judah, (Malchut
Yehudah in Hebrew), in the times of the Hebrew Bible, was the nation formed from
the territories of the tribes of Judah, Simeon and Benjamin after the Kingdom of
Israel was divided, and was named after Judah son of Jacob (Israel). The name
Judah itself is derived from Y(e)huda
meaning Praise of God.
Judah
is often referred to as the Southern
Kingdom to distinguish it from the Northern
Kingdom (being the Kingdom of Israel) after the division of the Kingdom. Its
capital was Jerusalem. See History of ancient Israel and Judah.
. and Edom
(àمهي,
Standard Hebrew Edom, Tiberian Hebrew
?E?ôm) sounds like the Biblical
Hebrew word for "red" and is a vividly apposite designation for the
red sandstones of Edom.
'Edom'
is also an alternative name for Esau according to the Hebrew Bible. The Book of
Genesis mentions "red" a number of times when describing Esau and
connecting that color to him:
united in an attack on Moab, resulting in the complete overthrow of
the Moabites. Falling back into their own country, they were followed and their
cities and farms destroyed. Finally, shut up within the walls of his own
capital, the king, Mesha, in the sight of the thousands who covered the sides of
that vast amphitheater, killed and burnt his child as a propitiatory sacrifice
to the gods of his country. Isaiah
(15, 16, 25:10-12) predicts the utter annihilation of the Moabites; and they are
frequently denounced by the subsequent prophets.